Current Security Softwares !!!

Hi All

I am trying to get hold of all the security practices that can be undertaken on any particular operating system apart from the security that the os provides itself.

Application software like Firewalls, Antiviruses and Malware scanners are used by all and are widely known. In terms of a networked environment say a Lan or the internet what are all other security softwares that can be used for the protection of our computers when connected.

I am looking for generic software types that can be used and not for specific software. eg. Firewalls is a kind of software that runs on the os.

With all the security gurus on the site i am quite hopeful i will get the required results. If any clarification is needed i will be there for it

Thanks !