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All data will be digital, while most current data is not.
The data: like your passport number, you name, place of birth, city address, etc., aren’t digitized and stored in databases already running? Your passport isn't capable of being scanned via electronic means using those little holes in it already? (I am using the US passport as an example) I am confused on the digital part? Sure I agree the photo and finger print aren't or weren't currently stored, but millions of drivers licenses are issued already, it's not new technology. I have seen it on passenger ships as long as 3 years ago. In fact they were scanning your print taking your picture and issuing IDs, much more complicated.
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There is no biometrics application out there yet that can do what they want it to do within a reasonable amount of time. If it would take over 30 seconds to scan one "visitor", the project is doomed before it even starts..
I am holding my drivers license in my hand. :) As for the 30 seconds... read the country list a vast majority of travel will be from those countries, they don't have to comply. People from Pakistan are pissed I have read several of their newspaper articles. Except for them... 30 seconds and less isn't the issue, it's being on the list in the first place. ;)
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There are other speed-issues as well... For this system to be effective, it would have to check all major American databases (including the FBI's - in the past, that turned out to be pretty difficult). But there's more: it'd also have to check Interpol, foreign embassies,...
Speed seems to be a focus factor here. This system was never designed to be instantaneous. That would definitely be a logistical nightmare. Even the article you posted mentions that data will be analyzed over time. The speed issue is only in capturing the data: photo, passport stuff and finger print. The scan against all those items mentioned isn't and was never intended to be real time. Only a few things could be checked in a reasonable amount of time, it only takes a few seconds to poll the national FBI crime list for example but I don’t even think they are doing that. Your second article hits right on the intended purpose:
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The program, known as United States Visitor and Immigrant Status Indicator Technology (US VISIT) and announced last week, is designed to give the government a better picture of who is entering the country, while collecting biometric data that can be stored and used later to identify visa holders.
Innovative?? Perhaps but my interpretation is the innovation lies in deploying the systems to around 130 locations. Corporate IT people do that all the time. I don't see that as DOOMING the system and I question the 10 billion price tag or attributing it to dramatic statements like “weapons programs.” Those are meant to "push buttons", I think. Heck retail outlets are doing it all the time, like SAMS club etc.