From what I was taught, Credit Cards, drivers licenses and such have check numbers to tell if they are valid numbers. I was wondering if the same was with common encryption methods. Take this MD5 for example:
7b896e6db151d729c55dfeb7683e6f3f

How can someone prove that it is a valid MD5 instead of a random set of numbers? Same with AES, SHA, any other methods you can dream up. All google is coming up with is MD5 being able to verify integrity, but I am trying to verify the integrity of an MD5. Possible?

Thanks!

btw-
I am not looking for software to do this for me, I am looking for any mathmatical process or method of validating the MD5