(algorithmic technique)

Definition: An algorithmic technique where a function, in order to accomplish a task, calls itself with some part of the task.

Specialization (... is a kind of me.)
tail recursion, collective recursion.

See also iteration, divide and conquer, divide and marriage before conquest, recursive, recurrence relation.

Note: Every recursive solution involves two major parts or cases, the second part having three components.

* base case(s), in which the problem is simple enough to be solved directly, and
* recursive case(s). A recursive case has three components:
1. divide the problem into one or more simpler or smaller parts of the problem,
2. call the function (recursively) on each part, and
3. combine the solutions of the parts into a solution for the problem.

Depending on the problem, any of these may be trivial or complex.
SOURCE

Edit> Also as just one example of recursive behavior is the Strange Loop:
Strange loop
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

A strange loop is a case of self-reference which affects (or even damages) the original item, possibly causing a paradox. For example, Abbie Hoffman once wrote a book called Steal This Book, which thereby tried to undermine its own sales in bookstores. The band System of a Down did the same later with the album Steal This Album!. The liar paradox and Russell's paradox also involve strange loops.

Strange loops often involve violation of hierarchies, in which (for example) a computer program (rather than a person) writes computer programs. This, by itself, is not enough to be a strange loop (it's merely self reference, and is common practice for a compiler). But it would be a strange loop if a program were to produce a new version of itself.

Strange loops are frequently intriguing or even humorous. A sketch on Late Night with Conan O'Brien once had Conan (seemingly spontaneously) become upset with a cue-card holder and tell him to leave the set; immediately, the cue-card holder was shown, holding a card with Conan's "you'd better leave" line written on it.

The concept of a strange loop was proposed and extensively discussed by Douglas Hofstadter in Gödel, Escher, Bach.