A game with four names? Huh?
The western name is "go". It's a three- to four-thousand-year-old game that originated in China. It is played on a 19x19 square board* with black and white stones (placed on the intersections, not inside the squares).

The goal is to control more territory than the opponent at the end of the game, which is decided by both players agreeing that the game is over.

If you're interested, here are a few links :
http://trevoke.ath.cx/gallery/thumbnails.php?album=4 ---> A go gallery, so you can see what it can look like
http://playgo.to/interactive/ ---> This is the best introduction to the game that I've seen so far. It's interactive and very well done.
http://trevoke.ath.cx/go/ ---> I've set up a small turn-based server on my website, taking http://www.dragongoserver.net/ 's source code from sourceforge; you can start there if you want..
http://kgs.kiseido.com/ ---> The current biggest online go server where you can play in real time against other players from all over the world.

What is so cool about it? There are maybe four or five rules, very simple to understand (six-year-olds are easily taught how to play the game), and yet it takes a lifetime to master, such is its depth. It is much, much more involved and fascinating than chess.. And I feel that people who congregate in such communities as AO may well have the right kind of intelligence to appreciate it.

I hope I've picked your curiosity!
By the way..
http://www.gocongress06.org/ iin August (12-20) for any who suddenly become very interested, or live in the area (Black Mountain, North Carolina).
I'll be there

http://www.usgo.org/ is the American Go Association's (AGA) website. For other countries, they can be found easily online.

_______________
*It is in fact not perfectly square, but slightly rectangular, to help with parallax.