X windows is exactly the same on FreeBSD as it is on Linux.

Did you install a window/desktop manager?

I only use GNOME but they all start the same.

To start a window/desktop manager of your choice you'll need to edit (or create) .xinitrc.

My .xinitrc only has this line:
exec gnome-session

This will start X windows with the GNOME desktop if you startx.

If you don't have a .xinitrc startx will run the default xinitrc.
IIRC that starts a few xterms and loads fvwm as a window manager.
These look a bit "antiquated" indeed