Hi

A few good points have already been mentioned. I'd like to write
about the specifics - in particular about scientific / academic
research papers.


publishers


There are tons of publishers (elsevier, springer, acm, ...), which
publish journals like nature, science and many other journals,
mostly unknown to the "public". A journal is a collection of research
papers. Note: do not print your own book/journals and hope you can sell
them - use existing publishers and their marketing channels.


Usually, there are two kind of journals: reviewed ones and not reviewed
ones. Reviewed means that in these journals researchers are assigned to
review papers prior to its publication - unfortunately, it can take you
easily half a year or even a year to get your paper accepted.


Now, the system is quite awkward: Bastards like Elsevier charge researchers
for publishing their paper, and charge again, usually the very same researchers,
for the actual journals...that's why open access[1] has become popular -
nowaday 380'000 papers ("e-prints") are online freely available[2].


Have a look at them - you will see that they usually follow a strict
guideline:


publications


Publications have to meet several formal criteria[3] in order to get into
the process of being accepted for publishing.

1. Layout. Each publisher has a well defined layout for their papers, e.g.[4].
Often, papers are written in LaTex[5] - so, if you don't now it, get familiar
to it.

2. ToC. Each reader of a research paper expects a certain ToC: abstract,
introduction/motivation, specific theory, method/approach, results, conclusion,
appendices, bibliography.


funding?


Even if you are not in a position to get financial support from a company/academic
institution (ie. you have a job there), there are ways to get support:
there are funded projects/competitions etc. out there, e.g.[6]. Usually, the
money is not exciting, but you get into contact with people - and if your
work is outstanding, opportunities will follow.



your questions


So, if u can tell me some archive,
Check link [2] as a starting point, or [7] and links therein.


Is there, any protocol researchers follow? like a model or roadmap or something??
Check the links [3] and [4].


Also, should a question be about something which hasnt been done before or can it be an extension of

something or a question on a subkect already been worked on?
99.9% of research papers out there are extensions or improvements of something
that has been done before


As for the paper, give some more details like what must be present in the paper? how long the paper must go?

Is there, a specific layout(like when writing a CV)? how the paper must be changed according to the audience?

Also, can a paper be somewhat like a small book?
As said, there are strict guidelines for papers - theses guidelines however depend
on the publisher. Typical length of papers are 4 pagers up to 30 pages, depends on
the journal. In very rare cases, even papers with length 100 pages get accepted.


And, if I use some details from other books, articles, etc will I need to get permission from the related

author?
That's what the "bibliography" is for - citations!

citations are the green dots of researchers!

You don't need a permission - just put in a reference to their work.



Publisher is not a problem. But, at what scale should the paper be released?

Do papers generally get recognised like books do? Do I need to get some feebacks, first? And, if the result is good, how can I bring it into knowledge of people?
As said: do not publish yourself - otherwise people will never be aware of your work.
Don't just put it on your webpage - people will never look at it.
Papers are completely different to book! If you are publishing in a reviewed journal,
you will get feedback - prepare for harsh criticism.


However, is there a way of getting affiliated to one and get some sponsorships?
I have given you an example - keep you eyes open - and contact large companies, or
even university: ask IBM, Microsoft, Intel, Nestle, Novartis, Dupont, etc.etc. -
and make sure you contact the right person.


Good luck.

Cheers


[1] http://www.soros.org/openaccess/index.shtml
[2] http://arxiv.org/
[3] http://www.acm.org/pubs/newjournals/
[4] http://authors.elsevier.com/GuideFor...=505622&dc=GFA
[5a] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LaTeX
[5b] http://www.miktex.org/
[6] http://www.acm.org/src/
[7] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_access