To fully understand this you must first understand that an ISP is there to provide the Transport layer real basic service Transport as in place this packet to that place. What makes it diffcult are the likes of MSN and that pesky butterfly ad spot they push on TV and AOL's little play off the 6 million dollar man old TV show and well in short making the public think all of this stuff is simple and they take care of everything and both MSN and AOL do not say that pre 1996 or so they were a simple big what back then were called Bulleten Boards and there were thousands of them across the country. Throw in then a bunch of new kids and a bunch of dot coms (actually dot com) fresh out of school and a bunch of old farts wanting to pad the retirement accounts and you get this today world. ISP market a product like it is a telephone service provide nothing more then a dial tone really and make people think just plug in the computer like a phone only it's a bit more complex of a tool. Think does the phone company become accountable for all the telemarketing calls answer is NO they only provide the dial tone, take hits any one on-line does and most of it is totally automated and most infected users have no clue and if an ISP says anything then who would pay them for the service? Nimda, Code Red Slammer etc I get hit daily and I quit counting a few years ago, about the only place I have seen hold an ISP accountable is the EU calling M$ on the carpet for an ad ran there that implyed their software was secure. After some 25 years of networked computing I am now semi retired after all you young folks know it all. Just remember a BA in computer science and 25 years holds little value MCSE and CNE's are a dime a dozen now days and unless you want to work 24/7 have no life beyond your computer screen then go into computing it has become the mass marketing tool of this age. I've walked away almost a year ago as have many my age, I make simple flutes now days have a 24/7 connect and when I turn it on it has massive protection, never gave out my root email addy so no spam. And above all why waste Your time giving and ISP info for free, and what makes you even think they will listen? Transport layer is a huge problem as is there truth in the ads they run answer is not here but in laws and the real world and the power to vote write lays and make people aware of Marketing fluff.